1. Which of the following statements are true regarding Karnataka’s forest department guidelines on human-elephant conflict?
1. In FY 2024–25, over 60% of wildlife conflict incidents in Karnataka involved elephants.
2. The Karnataka High Court supported the use of Section 11 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act for elephant capture in Hassan.
3. One of the key measures includes deployment of rapid response teams in conflict zones.
4. Long-term conflict mitigation strategies include habitat restoration and community participation.

A) 1, 2, and 3 only
B) 1, 3, and 4 only
C) 2, 3, and 4 only
D) 1, 2, and 4 only

2. Which of the following statements about ‘Global Specs 2030’ are true?
1. The initiative was launched by WHO and Drishti to achieve universal eye care by 2030.
2. It focuses exclusively on elderly populations with vision problems.
3. It includes pillars like Education, Cost, and Surveillance to strengthen eye health services.
4. It aligns with SDG 3 and promotes youth involvement in eye health awareness.

A) 1, 2, and 3 only
B) 1, 2, and 4 only
C) 2, 3, and 4 only
D) 1, 3, and 4 only

3. Which of the following statements about the Great Indian Bustard (GIB) are true?
1. The GIB is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
2. It is found across India, Nepal, and Bangladesh.
3. The GIB is the state bird of Rajasthan.
4. A key conservation threat is collision with overhead power lines.

A) 1, 3, and 4 only
B) 1, 2, and 4 only
C) 2, 3, and 4 only
D) 1, 2, and 3 only

4. Which of the following statements about the Caltech single-shot microscope are true?
1. It uses ultrashort laser pulses and a digital micromirror device to capture molecular motion.
2. The technique directly photographs molecules at the atomic scale using electron beams.
3. The microscope achieves hundreds of billions of frames per second for real-time imaging.
4. It was inspired by Ahmed Zewail’s pioneering work in femtochemistry.

A) 1, 2, and 3 only
B) 1, 2, and 4 only
C) 1, 3, and 4 only
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

5. Which of the following statements about SEPECAT Jaguar (‘Shamsher’) are true?
1. SEPECAT Jaguar was jointly developed by the United States and Britain.
2. It can achieve a maximum speed of 1,699 km/h and a combat range of up to 1,400 km with external tanks.
3. It is equipped with advanced avionics including digital cockpit, helmet-mounted display, and GPS.
4. The aircraft has a payload capacity exceeding 6,000 kg.

A) 1 and 4 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1, 2, and 3 only
D) 2, 3, and 4 only